All of the following are types of medical provider fraud EXCEPT:

• A. Fictitious services
• B. Smurfing
• C. Fictitious providers
• D. Rolling labs

Answer: (B)

In medical provider fraud, schemes revolve around deception about who provides care or what care was provided, and about where tests or services were performed. The exception here is smurfing, which is a money-laundering or payment-structuring tactic rather than a provider-specific fraud scheme.

Fictitious services involve billing for care that was never provided. Fictitious providers are fake clinicians or clinics created to bill for services. Rolling labs refer to exploiting multiple laboratories to bill for tests, often to inflate charges or hide the true source of billing. Smurfing, by contrast, deals with breaking up payments to avoid financial reporting requirements, not with misrepresenting medical services or providers.

So smurfing is not a type of medical provider fraud, making it the correct choice.